Alternate History Byzantine Empire

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  2. What if the Byzantine emperor Romanos IV succeeded at Manzikert, defeating Seljuk Turk leader Alp Arslan, and ensuring that Byzantium never fell?As we'll fin.

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Byzantine Empire (Byzantine Khazaria) The Byzantine Empire (or Byzantium) was the eastern division of the Roman Empire which survived well after the fall of Rome, centered around its capital of Constantinople, and ruled by emperors in direct succession to the ancient Roman emperors.

History of the 1

Byzantine Empire 1
A. A. Vasiliev 1
1.The study of Byzantine history. 3
2. The empire from Constantine the Great to Justinian 3

Constantine and Christianity 3

The conversion of Constantine 4

The Edict of Milan. 8

The attitude of Constantine toward the Church. 9

Arianism and the Council of Nicaea 11

The foundation of Constantinople. 12

Reforms of Diocletian and Constantine. 15

From Constantine to the Early Sixth Century 18

The Church and the state at the end of the fourth century 26

Theological disputes and the Third Ecumenical Council 39

The Fourth Ecumenical Council 44

The Henoticon. 46

Summary. 50

Literature, learning, education, and art. 51
3. Justinian the Great and his successors (518-610) 58

Justin I. 59

The Reign of Justinian and Theodora. 60

Wars with the Vandals, Ostrogoths, and Visigoths. 62

Religious problems and the Fifth Ecumenical Council 72

Immediate successors of Justinian. 82

Literature, learning, and art. 89
4. The Heraclian epoch (610-717) 97

External Problems 98

Muhammed and Islam. 102

Religious Policy of the dynasty 116

The Sixth Ecumenical Council and religious peace. 117

Origin and development of Theme Organization 118

Period of Anarchy (711-17). 121

Literature, learning, and art. 121


5. The Iconoclastic epoch (717-867) 123

The Isaurian or Syrian Dynasty. 123

The Council of 754 and its aftermath. 138

Successors of the Isaurians and the Phrygian Dynasty (820-67) 145

The first Russian attack on Constantinople. 149

Literature, learning, and art. 157


6. The Macedonian epoch (867-1081) 163

The origin of the dynasty. 164

External affairs of the Macedonian emperors. 165

Social and political developments 181

The time of troubles (1056-81) 194

Education, learning, literature, and art. 200


7. Byzantium and the Crusades 208

The Comneni emperors and their foreign policy 208

Alexius I and external relations before the First Crusade. 211

The First Crusade and Byzantium. 217

External relations under John II. 231

Foreign policy of the Angeli 247

The Fourth Crusade and Byzantium 255

Internal affairs under the Comneni and Angeli. 267

Ecclesiastical relations. 267

Internal administration. 272

Education, learning, literature, and art. 277
8. The Empire of Nicaea (1204-61) 288

New states formed on Byzantine terrirory. 288

Beginnings of the Empire of Nicaea and the Lascarids. 289

Foreign policy of the Lascarids and the restoration of the Byzantine empire. 293

The Seljuq Turks. 293

The Latin Empire. 294

John III Ducas Vatatzes (1222-1254). 295

The Despotat of Epirus and its relation to the Empire of Nicaea. 295

Alternate History Byzantine Empire

Thessalonica and Nicaea. 298

The role of Bulgaria in the Christian East under Tsar John Asen II. 299

Alliance of John Vatatzes and Frederick II Hohenstaufen. 301

The Mongol invasion and the alliance against the Mongols. 303

Significance of the external policy of John Vatatzes. 304

Theodore and John Lascaris and the restoration of the Byzantine Empire. 305

Ecclesiastical relations with the Nicene and Latin empires. 309

Social and economic conditions in the empire of nicaea. 312

Education, learning, literature, and art. 314

Byzantine feudalism. 323


9. The fall of Byzantium 333

Foreign policy of the Paleologi. 333

General situation in the Empire. 333

Map

The external policy of Michael VIII. 339

Movie

The external policy of Byzantium during the reigns of the Andronicoi. 347

John V, John VI Cantacuzene and the apogee of Serbian power. 354

History

The policies of Byzantium in the fourteenth century. 357

Manuel II (1391-1425) and the Turks. 361

John VIII (1425-48) and the Turkish menace. 369

Constantine XI (1449-53) and the capture of Constantinople. 371

Alternate History Byzantine Empire Book

Ecclesiastical problems under the Palaeologi. 378

The Union of Lyons. 379 Adobe illustrator old version.

The Arsenites. 380

The Hesychast movement. 384

Alternate History Byzantine Empire

The conversion to Catholicism of Emperor John V. 387

The Union of Florence. 388

The question of the Council of St. Sophia. 390

Political and social conditions in the Empire. 391

Learning, literature, science, and art 397

Byzantium and the Italian Renaissance. 412

Appendix 418

Byzantine Empire People

Emperors of the Byzantine Empire 418

Alternate History Byzantine Empire Map

324-1453 418

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